A Ramzan Islamic Camp
A brief upbringing session and Practical teaching of Islam
In
Ahmedabad
Aasaan Ahkaam
Taqleed
Lesson One
Q1. Mukallaf kise kahte hain?
Ans. Mukallaf yaani wo shakhs jis par Allah ke ahkaam par amal karna zaroori ho. Aur wo Baligh aur Aaqil ho.
Q2. Mujtahid kise kahte hain?
Ans. Wo shakhs jo Qura’n o Hadith ko bahtar samajhta ho aur unse Allah ke ahkaam hasil karne ki salahiyat rakhta ho use ‘Mujtahid’ kahte hain.
Q3. Allah ke ahkaam ko kaise hasil kiya jaasakta hai?
Ans. Allah ke ahkaam ko hasil karne ke 3 raaste hain:
1. Insaan khud itni salahiyat rakhta ho ke Qura’n o Hadith se ahkaam khuda ko hasil karle aur is main mahir o Mujtahid ho aur ise Taqeed kahte hain.
2. Kisi aise shakhs ki taqleed kare jo Qura’n o Hadith se ahkaam khuda ko nikalne ki salahiyat rakhte ho.
3. Eheyaat par amal kare. Yaani agar aik mas’ale main mukhtalif nazariyat ho to sab par is tarhan amal kare ke use yaqeen ho jay eke uska fariza ada ho gaya hai.
Q4. Jis shakhs ki taqleed ki jayegi use kaisa hona chahiyeh?
Ans. Mujtahid ke liyeh zaroori hai ke us main yeh shara’et mojood hoon:
1. Ijtehad ki salahiyat rakhta ho.
2. Aaqil ho.
3. Baligh ho.
4. Mard ho
5. Aadil ho.
6. Zinda ho.
7. Shia Isna Ashari ho.
8. Halal Zada ho.
9. Dunya ka Harees na ho.
10. A’alam ho.
Q5. Agar ko’ee mujtahid na ho aur ehteyat par amal bhi na karta ho aur usne kisi ki taqleed bhi na ki ho to us ke a’amaal ka kiya hukm hai?
Ans. Agar ko’ee Mujtahid na ho aur ehteyat par amal bhi na karta ho aur usne taqleed bhi na ki ho to uske A’amaal batil hain. Aur uspar wahib hai ke foran kisi jame-ush-shara’et Mujtahid ki taqleed kare.
Q6. Jisne zindagi bhar taqleed na ki ho uske a’amaal ka kiya hukm hai?
Ans Jis shakhs ne zindagi bhar talqeed na ki ho us ke a’amaal batil hain lekin 2 suraton main uske a’amaal sahi ho sakte hain:
1. Uske a’amaal aise mujtahid ke fatwe se mutabeqat rakhte hon jis ki taqleed ki jaa sakti ho, chahe usne uski taqleed na ki ho.
2. Us Mujtahid ke fatwe ke mutabiq hon jis ki usne taqleed karna shoroo’ ki hai.
Q7. Mujtahi ko kaise pahchana jaye?
Ans. Mujtahid ko pahchan-ne ke teen raaste hain:
1. Insaan khud Mujtahid ko pahchan-ne ki salahiyat rakhta ho.
2. Itni shohrat ho kisi mujtahid ki ke us shohrat se insaan ko Itme’naan ho jaye Uske mujtahid hone ka.
3. Do Aadil momin gawahi dedain ke falan shakhs Mujtahid hai.
Q8. Ahkaam ki kitni qismain hain?
Ans. Ahaam Paanch tarhan ke hain:
1. Wajib: Wo amal jiske tark karne par azab ho.
2. Haraam: Jiske anjaam dene par azab ho.
3. Mustahab: Jiske anjaam dene main sawaab ho lekin chordne par azab na ho.
4. Makrooh: Jiske Chordne par sawaab ho lekin anjaam dene main azab na ho.
5. Mubah: Jiska anjaam dena ya na dena barabar ho.
Q9. Fatwa aur Hukm main kiya farq hai?
Ans. Agar kisi mas’ale main mujtahid apna nazariya pesh kare to wo “Fatwa” kahlata hai. Jaise mujtahid kahe ke namaz main siggerate noshi haraam hai.
Lekin agar kisi mas’ale main Hakim ke unwaan se apna nazariya de take Hukoomat mai mojood sare afraad uspar amal karain to yeh “Hukm” kahla’ega.
Chonanche agar kisi Hakim na Hukm sadir kardia ho to sab par uski pairavi wahib hai yahan tak Mujtahedeen par bhi aur unke muqaledeen par bhi. Aur Hukm-e-Hakim ki mukhalefat Haraam hai. Misal ke tor par Hakim Hukm de ke kal Eid ka din hai to sab par Eid manana zaroori hai.
Q10 Eteyat-e-Wajib aur Ehteyat-e-Mustah main kiya farq hai?
Ans. Agar ko’ee Mujtahid kisi mas’ale main ehteyat bayan kare lekin uske baad ya us-se pahle us mas’ale main khilaf kuch bayan nakare to ye Ehteyat-e-Wajib hai. Eteyat-e-Wajib main mukallaf us mujtahid ke baad wale Mujtahid ki taraf rojoo kar sakta hai.
Lekin agar Mujtahid nain Ehteyat ke baad ya us-se qabl, ko’ee doosra fatwa diya ho to yeh Ehteyat-e-Mustahab hai.
Paani
Lesson Two
Q1. Paani ki kitni qismain hain?
Ans. Paani ki do qismain hain:
1) Aab-e-Mutlaq & 2) Aab-e-Muzaf
Q2. Aab-e-Muzaf kis paani ko kahte hain?
Ans. Aab-e-Muzaf wo paani hain kisi cheez se nichorda gaya ho aur phir kisi cheez se mila kar banaya gaya ho.
Q3. Aab-e-Mutaq kis paani ko kahte hain?
Ans. Aab-e-Mulaq khalis paani ko kahte hain, yaani wo paani jo na kisi cheez ko mila kar banaya gaya ho aur yaa phir kisi cheez se nichord kar banaya gaya ho.
Q4. Aab-e-Mutlaq aur Aab-e-Muzaf main kiya farq hai?
Ans. Aab-e-Muzaf main agar qatra barabar bhi nijasat gir jayeh to wo najis ho jayega, jabke aab mutlaq is tarhan nahi hai aur kabhi kabhi sirf nijasat girne se wo najis nahi hoga.
Q5. Aab-e-Mutlaq ki kitni qismain hain?
Ans. Aab-e-Mutlaq ki chaar (2) qismain hain:
1) Aab-e-Kaseer
2) Aab-e-Qaleel
Q6. Aab-e-Kaseer ki kitni qismain hain?
Ans. Aab-e-Kaseer ki (3) chaar qismain hain:
1. Aab-e-Kur
2. Aab-e-Jaari (Naher, Darya, Samandar, jharne waghaira ka paani)
3. Baarish ka paani
Q7. Aab-e-Kur kise kahte hain?
Ans. Wo paani jis ki miqdar jis ki miqdar 377/419 liter ho aur length (lamba-ee) breath (Gahra-ee) aur Width (chorda-ee) ke e’tbar se 3.5 (Jo taqreeban 42 balisht ho ta hai) balisht tino taraf se ho to use kur kahte hain.
Q8. Aab-e-Qaleel aur Aab-e-Kaseer main kiya farq hai?
Ans.1. Aab-e-Qaleel main zarra barabar nijasat bhi gir jaye to wo najis hojata hai, jab ke Aab-e-Kaseer is waqt tak najis nahi hota jab tak nijasat ke zariya us rang, boo ya maza(taste) na badla ho.
2. Najis ko qaleel paani main ain-e-nijasat hatane ke baad teen(3) baar dhona hota hai jab ke kaseer paani main ain-e-nijasat hatane ke baad ek baar dhona kafi hai.
3. Aab-e-qaleel us paani ko kahte hai jo kur se kam ho ya bearish aur jaari paani naho.
